Although carbon nanotubes have unique mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, due to the strong van der Waals force and π-π interaction between carbon nanotubes, they are also easily agglomerated, and carbon nanotubes are modified or function Transformation is the main means to solve these problems. According to the existing research results, the functional modification of carbon nanotubes is divided into covalent chemical modification and non-covalent chemical modification.

Covalent modification mainly utilizes the characteristics of the carbon nanotubes' ends and bends that are easily oxidized and broken, and at the same time converted into carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. The commonly used method is to oxidize the opening with concentrated acid and cut it into short tubes, so that the defect sites at the end or (and) side walls are provided with carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, and then modified.

The carboxyl ratio can be 4.03%, 6.52%, etc., and the hydroxy ratio can be 2.77%, etc.

3. More applications.

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