In the surgical treatment of malignant melanoma, incomplete tumor resection and extensive skin defects are the main reasons for high local recurrence rates and uncontrolled wound infections, leading to poor prognosis and prolonged patient recovery time.

On February 4, 2025, the journal Advanced Science reported that researchers have developed a multifunctional nano composite material microneedle patch that can simultaneously perform close range radiation therapy and photothermal therapy, providing enhanced adjuvant therapy for postoperative melanoma recurrence and infectious wound healing.

In this work, researchers combined Ag2S nanodots with 32P labeled calcium phosphate (Ca32P) nanoparticles through a two-step biomineralization process to obtain Ag2S/Ca32P nanocomposites. Next, using gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) as the needle tip and hyaluronic acid (HA) as the backing layer, a microneedle patch was constructed to deliver Ag2S/Ca32P into infiltrating tumor cells and bacterial biofilms.

Research has found that the prepared GM-Ag2S/Ca32P microneedle patch can effectively penetrate subcutaneous tissue and deliver Ag2S/Ca32P to the targeted site. When the microneedle patch reaches the acidic microenvironment of tumors and bacterial biofilms, the Ag2S/Ca32P nanocomposite material will decompose, releasing radioactive 32P and Ag2S nanodots. Through the synergistic effect of close range radiation therapy and photothermal therapy, the tumor cell elimination and bacterial killing effects are enhanced.

In addition, local ultra-high temperature, radiation effects, and biodegradation of GelMA and HA matrices promote scar free wound healing, reduce inflammation, and promote granulation tissue formation, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis, thereby achieving scar free wound healing. Therefore, the GM-Ag2S/Ca32P microneedle patch represents a multifunctional strategy for addressing melanoma recurrence and infectious trauma, demonstrating great potential in postoperative clinical applications.

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