Why do nanoparticles aggregate? 1.Surface free energy driven mechanism Nanoparticles have a larger specific surface area and unsaturated surface atoms, leading to an increase in surface free energy. Multi particle contact can reduce the total surface area, release interfacial energy, and thus lower the system's free energy. This trend of energy minimization is the intrinsic thermodynamic driving f...
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1.Characterization of particle size and distribution Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS): DLS is one of the most commonly used techniques for measuring the particle size and distribution of nanoparticles in suspensions. It calculates the hydrodynamic diameter of particles by measuring the time-dependent light scattering intensity fluctuations caused by Brownian motion of particles. DLS can also provide...
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