What are nanoparticles? Nanoparticles (NPs) are typically defined as granular materials with at least one dimension at the nanoscale (1-100 nm) in three-dimensional space. From the dimensions of structure and morphology, nanoparticles can be classified into zero dimensional nanomaterials (0D nanomaterials), corresponding to one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials. 0D nanopartic...
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Why do nanoparticles aggregate? 1.Surface free energy driven mechanism Nanoparticles have a larger specific surface area and unsaturated surface atoms, leading to an increase in surface free energy. Multi particle contact can reduce the total surface area, release interfacial energy, and thus lower the system's free energy. This trend of energy minimization is the intrinsic thermodynamic driving f...
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