What are nanoparticles? Nanoparticles (NPs) are typically defined as granular materials with at least one dimension at the nanoscale (1-100 nm) in three-dimensional space. From the dimensions of structure and morphology, nanoparticles can be classified into zero dimensional nanomaterials (0D nanomaterials), corresponding to one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials. 0D nanopartic...
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Why do nanoparticles aggregate? 1.Surface free energy driven mechanism Nanoparticles have a larger specific surface area and unsaturated surface atoms, leading to an increase in surface free energy. Multi particle contact can reduce the total surface area, release interfacial energy, and thus lower the system's free energy. This trend of energy minimization is the intrinsic thermodynamic driving f...
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The development of conductive pastes began in the 1950s. In 1954, British scholar C.F. Powell first reported the method of preparing conductive pastes by suspending silver particles in organic solvents, laying the technical foundation. Subsequently, in the 1960s and 1970s, with the rise of thick film hybrid integrated circuits, precious metal conductive pastes such as silver paste and gold paste g...
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There are three main reasons for making copper nanowires into wet powder (soaked in solvents such as ethanol/isopropanol) for packaging: 1. Preventing oxidation - The main reason is that copper nanowires have a diameter of tens of nanometers, a very large aspect ratio, a very high specific surface area, and extremely strong surface activity. When exposed to air in a dry state, it rapidly oxidizes ...
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