Implantable neural microelectrodes are considered as a bridge for information exchange between internal organisms and external devices. The long-term reliability of electrode interface function not only depends on its biocompatibility, but also plays a crucial role in mechanical and electrochemical stability during chronic implantation processes.

On May 17, 2024, Advanced Healthcare Materials reported that researchers formed a layer of gold nanoparticles at the electrode interface using in-situ electrochemical deposition technology. Subsequently, utilizing the principle of self-assembly, carboxyl groups with negative charges were cleverly introduced onto the surface of gold nanoparticles. Further, through electrochemical polymerization, positively charged conductive polymers were firmly connected to the surface of gold nanoparticles, thereby constructing a neural interface modification layer PEDOT/3-MPA-Au. The electrode maintains a relatively low electrochemical resistance after undergoing up to 100 cyclic voltammetry tests and rigorous testing with mechanical ultrasound (power of 120W).
In addition, the research team implanted a neural electrode array modified with PEDOT/3-MPA-Au into the dorsal hippocampus of mice and conducted long-term functional verification. After several months of electrophysiological recording, researchers found that PEDOT/3-MPA-Au modified neural electrodes exhibited excellent performance, successfully recording the electrical activity of more high signal-to-noise ratio neurons.

This discovery fully confirms that the neural electrode has the ability to continuously capture high-quality, stable long-term electrophysiological signals in the body. More importantly, the experimental results further confirm the potential of the neural electrode array for long-term stable tracking and recording of the same neurons in living animals, which will provide strong support for neural circuit analysis.

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